Choosing a Dog Trainer

Too many dogs are given up after their normal, easily modifiable
behaviors are allowed to become problems. But it doesn't have to be
this way. To prevent your dog from becoming a sad statistic, take your
dog—and your family—to a professional dog training class. A good training
class is a fun, social activity that helps your dog become a well-behaved,
safe, and valued family member. This information will help you find the
dog trainer and class environment that best fits your budget and needs.

Why is training my dog a necessity?

As a dog owner, one of the first questions you may ask is, Does my
new companion need training? Yes, and so do you! Whether you are intentionally teaching him or not, your canine friend is always learning—
and this is true not just for puppies but also for older, adult dogs.
If you do not teach your pet your rules, he will invent his own. Training
allows caregivers to safely and humanely control their dog's behavior.
Positive training enhances the bond between dog and owner, and helps
ensure that your dog will respond happily to your instructions.

What should I look for in a trainer?

It's essential that the dog trainer you select uses humane training techniques that encourage
appropriate behavior through such positive reinforcement as food, attention, play, or praise. Look
for a trainer who ignores undesirable responses or withholds rewards until the dog behaves
appropriately. Training techniques should never involve yelling, choking, shaking the scruff,
tugging on the leash, alpha rolling (forcing the dog onto his back), or other actions that frighten
or inflict pain.

Where can I find a trainer?

A recommendation from a friend, neighbor, veterinarian, humane society, boarding kennel, or
groomer is a good place to start. You can also check the Yellow Pages under "Pet Training."
Don't assume that a trainer's membership in a dog trainer association qualifies him as a suitable
instructor: Not all associations' membership criteria will meet your expectations. Also, because no
government agency regulates or licenses trainers, it's that much more important to investigate their qualifications before enrolling in a class. Find out how many years of experience they have, how
they were educated, and what training methods they use. Ask prospective trainers for several
references from clients who completed the classes.

Which class format is best?

In group classes, dogs learn to interact with other dogs, accept handling by other people, and
respond to their owners despite distractions. Owners learn by observing other people interacting
with their dogs and benefit from the camaraderie. Self-help training, private lessons, and dog-only
lessons that exclude the owner do not provide these important advantages. Another disadvantage
of dog-only lessons is that the dog may respond well for the trainer but may not transfer what she
has learned to you and your family.

When possible, all family members should participate in the dog's training. By learning to
communicate humanely and effectively with their canine friend, they will develop bonds that will
form the basis of the entire relationship.

What should I seek in a group class?

Ask the trainer whether you can observe a class in session before signing up. Watch for the following:

Is class size limited to allow for individual attention?
Are there separate classes for puppies and adult dogs?
Are there different class levels (for example, beginner, intermediate, and advanced)?
Are training equipment and methods humane?
Does the trainer use a variety of methods to meet dogs' individual needs?
Is proof of vaccination required?
Are the students, both human and canine, enjoying themselves?
Are dogs and owners actively encouraged?
Is praise given frequently?
Are voice commands given in upbeat tones?
Are lesson handouts available?
Is information available on how dogs learn, basic grooming, problem solving, and related topics?

How much does training cost?

Training costs vary, depending on where you live and the type of instruction you want. Private
lessons may range from $30 to $65 per hour; group lessons may start at $75 for several weeks of
sessions. Some animal shelters offer subsidized training programs; costs for several weeks of
sessions may range from $35 to $90, depending on whether you adopted your dog from that shelter
and the number of class sessions it provides.

What's the best age for training?

Although "puppyhood" is the best time to train and socialize dogs, older dogs can learn new tricks,
too. In fact, dogs of all ages can benefit from training. Dogs between 8 and 16 weeks of age should
be enrolled in puppy classes. Regular classes are appropriate for dogs six months or older.

After you have selected a training program:

Have your dog examined by your veterinarian to ensure your pet is healthy, free from
parasites, and up-to-date on vaccinations.
Don't feed your dog a large meal before class because many trainers rely on food treats to
encourage or reward desired behavior.
Bring the training equipment recommended by the trainer.
Practice between classes with brief lessons that end on a positive note.

By enrolling and actively participating in a dog training class, you will help your dog become not
just a well-behaved member of your family, but also a safer member of your community.

For More Information

For more information on choosing a dog trainer, consult the resources listed below. Please note
that The HSUS is not affiliated with the Association of Pet Dog Trainers and the organization's
inclusion here does not represent an endorsement.

Organizations:

Association of Pet Dog Trainers (APDT)
P.O. Box 385
Davis, CA 95617
800-PET-DOGS
www.apdt.com

Publications:

The Humane Society of the United States Complete Guide to Dog Care.
1998. Little, Brown, and Company. The staff of The HSUS, together with dog care and training
expert Marion Lane, provide tips and information about every aspect of dog ownership.
Available at bookstores and through the online HSUS Bookshelf for $16.95.